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Table 1 KPI table of four VTFFTB development phases (Iono = Ionosphere; Ne = electron density)

From: Characterization of multi-scale ionospheric irregularities using ground-based and space-based GNSS observations

Phase

Constellation

Satellite number

Formation orbit

Iono Ne model

1

GPS

2

Fixed relative state

1D

2

GPS&GAL

2

Fixed relative state

1D

3

GPS&GAL

3

Natural orbits

1D

4

GPS&GAL

3

Natural orbits

3D