Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages of several high-precision GNSS monitoring technologies
From: GNSS techniques for real-time monitoring of landslides: a review
Type | Accuracy range (mm) | Time | Applicable landslide scenarios |
|---|---|---|---|
RTK | Horizontal: ±(3\(-\)8) Vertical: ±(5\(-\)15) | ≤ 10 s | It is suitable for real-time and high-precision monitoring of landslides within one area, but the baseline distance is less than 15 km and reference stations are necessary |
NRTK | Horizontal: ±(5\(-\)10) Vertical: ±(8\(-\)20) | ≤ 10 s | It is suitable for real-time and high-precision monitoring landslides in multiple areas. The baseline distance is less than 100 km, and independent reference stations are unnecessary |
PPP | Horizontal: ±(20\(-\)50) Vertical: ±(50\(-\)100) | ≥ 30 min | It is suitable for the stability monitoring of reference stations without the distance limitation, but precise products are necessary |
PPP-RTK | Horizontal: ±(5\(-\)10) Vertical: ±(8\(-\)20) | ≤ 10 s | It is suitable for monitoring large landslide areas, and the service is more flexible |