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Table 2 Mean and STD values of the difference between the time transfer solutions calculated from BDS-3, GPS, and BDS-3/GPS PPP in Scheme 1 and the PPP time transfer with IGS final products (ns)

From: A new receiver clock model to enhance BDS-3 real-time PPP time transfer with the PPP-B2b service

Time-link

DOY

Results of GPS

Results of BDS-3

Results of BDS-3/GPS

  

Mean

STD

Mean

STD

Mean

STD

CUSV-USUD

68

 − 4.35

1.12

53.92

0.13

54.04

0.11

69

 − 3.67

1.03

54.4

0.18

54.38

0.17

70

 − 3.83

1.24

54.44

0.16

54.4

0.14

71

 − 4.29

1.56

54.5

0.14

54.46

0.13

72

 − 4.66

1.02

54.6

0.15

54.51

0.14

TLM2-USUD

68

2.26

2.05

1.51

0.15

1.66

0.13

69

4.77

1.28

1.78

0.12

1.80

0.10

70

5.42

2.48

2.08

0.1

2.01

0.09

71

4.36

2.27

2.17

0.19

2.05

0.17

72

6.21

2.03

2.1

0.2

2.04

0.18