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Table 4 Statistical results of smartphone positioning deviation

From: First results of BDS positioning for LBS applications in the UK

Constellation

Standard deviation in different directions (m)

Maximum absolute deviation in different directions (m)

East

North

Up

East

North

Up

BDS

1.09

1.16

3.02

4.30

10.09

17.37

GPS

0.97

1.57

2.45

5.43

7.79

11.71

Galileo

1.10

0.47

3.54

16.92

2.31

45.20

GLONASS

5.71

5.80

9.31

21.83

33.06

43.20

BDS/GPS/Galileo

0.54

0.70

1.51

2.31

3.90

7.27