Properties of multi-GNSS uncalibrated phase delays with considering satellite systems, receiver types, and network scales

Satellite Navigation

Table 7 Statistical results of NL residuals in the two regional networks on DOY 152 of 2021

System	NL residuals in the regional network with JAVAD receivers				NL residuals in the regional network with Trimble receivers
System	Mean in cycle	STD in cycle	within ± 0.15 cycles (%)	Within ± 0.25 cycles (%)	Mean in cycle	STD in cycle	Within ± 0.15 cycles (%)	Within ± 0.25 cycles (%)
GPS	0.001	0.054	97.7	99.9	0.001	0.089	89.7	99.9
BDS	0.002	0.061	95.8	99.9	0.005	0.099	85.4	99.7
Galileo	− 0.004	0.054	97.6	100	− 0.002	0.085	91.4	100
GLONASS	− 0.002	0.056	96.6	99.9	0.001	0.098	86.3	99.9