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Table 5 The positioning accuracy of different algorithms for the field experiments

From: Underwater inertial error rectification with limited acoustic observations

Method

Results of the lake trial (m) a

Results of the sea trail (m) b

Track#01

Track#02

Track#03

N = 10

N = 15

N = 20

Indicated

54.93 ± 17.31

98.18 ± 8.56

163.92 ± 22.52

705.74 ± 40.15

mAB-ICCP

17.57 ± 7.15

4.40 ± 1.91

22.66 ± 11.72

46.53 ± 26.27 (93.41%)

mAB-RMAN

6.41 ± 7.06

6.81 ± 2.12

5.69 ± 2.27

0.53 ± 0.15 (↓99.92%)

VLBL

20.19 ± 14.27

29.90 ± 3.54

19.13 ± 16.73

23.32 ± 12.40

36.36 ± 15.93

45.11 ± 16.18

mAB-VLBL-rot

13.91 ± 11.44

10.39 ± 2.42

16.19 ± 12.90

13.40 ± 7.70

20.31 ± 11.82

26.18 ± 13.01

mAB-VLBL

8.69 ± 9.30

5.49 ± 3.44

8.94 ± 15.35

6.92 ± 6.80

4.50 ± 2.81

3.48 ± 2.81

  1. Bold values mean the performance is better than other methods under the same test condition
  2. aSingle acoustic-beacon is available and the LBL-based algorithms take N = 15; b double acoustic-beacons are available