Table 6 New WiFi, BLE, 5G, and LPWAN features that can enhance PLAN
Technology | New feature |
|---|---|
WiFi | Long range, low power consumption in WiFi HaLow (WiFi-Alliance 2020); high-precision ranging in WiFi RTT (IEEE 802.11 mc) (IEEE 2020) |
BLE | Long range in BT long range (BT 5) (Bluetooth 2017); high-precision direction finding in Bluetooth 5.1 (Bluetooth 2019) |
5G | Higher base station density (Andrews et al. 2014), mmWave Multiple-Input And Multiple-Output (MIMO), large-scale antenna, and beamforming (Witrisal et al. 2016), device-to-device communication (Zhang et al. 2017a), new measurement types (del Peral-Rosado et al. 2017) |
LPWAN | Low cost, low-power consumption, long range, new measurement types (Li et al. 2020a) |